The project investigated the shotgun ammunition supply chain and identified a practical timeline for the UK cartridge industry to completely transit to lead-free production.

At a glance

  • Dates30th September to 5th November 2022
  • SponsorThe Gun Trade Association
  • Funded£22,460

The study investigated the supply chain factors relating to the transition away from lead in shotgun ammunition and identified a practical timeline for the UK cartridge industry to completely transit to lead-free production.  Qualitative data were collected through interviews and site visits to the UK cartridge manufacturers.  Employing the Critical Path (CP) method, we developed a model for transition to lead-free production, with an indicative timeline for the whole process from a supply chain perspective.

Principle-Investigator: Dr Ismail Abushaikha - School of Management

Associated Academics:

Dr Banu Ekren - 美姬阁 School of Management 
Nam Vu - 美姬阁 School of Management